Machine tool



S. OVSHINSKY Dec. 2, 1952 MACHINE TOOL 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 26, 1947 159 |40 EN TOR. 5 4A/F0190 VW//VS/fy BY 5% Y Maf Dec. 2, 1952 Fled May 26, 1947 s. ovsHlNsKv I 2,619,709

MACHINE TOOL 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS Dec. 2, 1952 s, OvsHlNsKY 2,619,709

MACHINE TooL 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 26;, 1,947

,BY QW ATTORNEYS S. OVSHINSKY Dec. 2, 1952 MACHINE TOOL 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 26, 1947 @Qa/f INVENTOR. SMN/'02D OVW/MWI A T T ORNE )15' S. OVSHINSKY MACHINE TOOL I Sheets-Sheet 5' Filed May 26, 1947 ATTOR/l Patented Dec. 2, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE TOOL .Stanford O'vshinsky,v Akron, 0hi0,..assignor VYto The Stanford vRoberts Manufacturing Company, Akrom'ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application Mayf 26, 1947, Serial No. 150,391

This invention relates to machine tools, and more especially it` relatesV to `imprrnred'- machine tools adapted concurrently to perform machining operations upon yopposite ends of a work-piece.

` More particularly, the machine is of the type wherein the work is supported and rotated by a centrally disposed, mechanically operated chuck, and wherein the conventional head-stock land tail-stock of conventional `machine tools are `replaced byv toolA 4holders arranged for movement axially of the .work-piece.

The chief objects of-v the invention vare to provide an improved machine tool of the character mentioned; to increase productionand reduce costs by concurrently machining bothy ends oi thefwork; to effect absolute accuracy of the -machining operations; toprovidesimplicity of construction whereby maintenancel and repair are negligible factors; tolprovide aconstruction that enables the work to-be mounted readily and in a facile mannerr to provide-,an improved chucking device 'that Oildcs 'mechanically and -yvithout manual control; `to provide automatic operation of various elements ofgthe finachine; toprovide in an improved manner forcleaning and lubricating the tools ofthe machine; fa-nd to prov-ide a machine tool adapted to perform la number of different machine operations upon the Work. Other objects will Vbe lmanifest jasthe description proceeds.

Of the accompanying drawingsz Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machinetool embodying the invention, including protective guards over -some of f the*l -rnovable elements thereof;

Fig.' 2- is a plan View thereof;

Fig. 3 is an end -elevationasviewediromthe right of Figs. 1 and 2a3partthereof being-broken away;

Fig.Y 4'is an elevation,`on a larger scale,vof the chuck element of the machine as seen -fromqline Fig. 6 isa .section on -li-ne-f-offFig. 5; y

aFg. 7 is a plan View,onfadarserwscala .0f the tool-holding structure located atthe leftwg-end of the' machine as viewed in Fig. 1,- the `protective guards beingremoved; Y

Fig. 8 is a side elevation ofthe structure shown inFig. 7; l

Fig. -9 isv an `elevation of fthe.ysi '.1 cfu.;c ti 1r,eY yshown in Figs; 7 and Spas viewedl'from the .right thereof; 1 Fig. 1.0jis a-planviev/of-thetool-holding.structure `at theright v`end of themachine as.v .viewed in yFig. vift-he protective A-guardsbeingiem'oved;

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a sectional detail of a portion ofthe structure shown in Figs. l0 and 11;

Fig. v13 is lan end elevation of the structure shown inFigs. 1.0 and 11, as viewed from the left thereof, on a larger scale-showing theoperation of the work-positioning mechanism, vand Fig. 1.4 is a wiring'diagram of the machine.

Y Referring now to Figs. .1 and y2 of `the drawings wherein the tool is shown'in its entirety; 'it will be seen thatfthe essential elements thereof are an elongated bed l5 vuponthe top of 'which is mounted a chuck vA locatedintermediate the ends thereof, a'toOl-holding structure B located at one end of said `bed (the le'it end as viewed in the drawing), anda, to'olfholding structure Cy located at the opposite .end of said bed; The bed l5 is supported at an velevationabove the floor upon any suitable framework or legs I8 that are concealed byy an apron orenclosure i6, Fig. 1, located below said bed. The top of thebed I5 is formed with respective ways llthat extend longitudinally of the bed on opposite sides thereof.

The chuck A comprises a heavy casting or head 2i). that spansthebed l5 .and rests upon the ways l1 at opposite sides thereof, said head being maintained xedly in position byset screws I9 that extend therethrough and lvengage said ways. The head 20 is f centrally apertured, 'which .aperture, on one side of the head ,(the right lside as viewed in Fig. 5), is. formed with a Ycircuinscribing recess or counterbore 2l that is concentric therewith. Mounted in counterbore 2| is a bearing, herein shown asia roller bearing 22, which bearing is retainedinplace by a retainer or face plate 23a secured tothe side of the head 2li. On lthe opposite side ofthe head .20 from the counterbore 22 said head is .laterally recessed at 23 and 24, Aboth of which recesses have arcuate portions concentric with the central aperture of the head located above their common axis.

`Below the latter said recesses .extenddownwardly to the bottom face of the head.` The arcuate pertionrof recess 23 is of slightly larger radius than the central almeria-ure of the head, `and V.the arcuate portion of recess 24 has substantially larger radius than recess 23. Y

Journaled in :bearing 22 is a chuck housing 2li 4that is a generally tubular structure, one end face of which is `flush .With-the vface plate 23a.. The'opposite .end portion .of housing 26 is disposed w'ithin .recess 23 in the head,` and is Vformed exteriorly withapair of pulley-grooves 21,21', that receive .respective ,side-driving transmission belts 28. The latter extend downwardly through the recess 23 and are trained about a. doublegrooved pulley 29 that is mounted upon the shaft of an electric motor 36, Fig. 1, which motor is mounted upon a shelf 3| carried by the legs I8 in the lower region of the machine. The arrangement is such that the chuck-housing 26 maybe rotated relatively of the head 20, in counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 4. Beside pulley 29 the shaft of motor 3i) carries a brake drum 32, the latter being operatively associated with a solenoid-operated electric brake 33. The latter is of the conventional type employing a spring to apply braking pressure and a solenoid in opposition to said spring to release braking pressure.

That end portion of the chuck-housing 26 that is formed with the pulley-grooves 21 is interiorly recessed or counterbored to receive an annular chuck 34 that is xedly mounted therein, and said chuck is axially recessed from one end thereof to receive a bearing 35, in which bearing anannular cam-plate or scroll-plate 36 is journaled. As is best shown in Fig. 6, the

scroll-plate 33 has its front lateral face formed with a raised rib 31 arranged in volute or spiral form around the axial aperture of the plate. The spiral rib 31 confronts a radially inwardly extending end-flange 38 on the chuck 34, and said flange is formed with a plurality of undercut radial slots, herein shown as three in number, in which slots respective chuck-jaws 33 are mounted. The rear faces of the latter are formed with arcuate, transverse grooves and intervening ribs that are complemental to the spiral rib 31 and groove defined thereby, and which intert with said spiral rib and groove. The arrangement is such that when the scroll-plate 36 and chuck 34 rotate relatively of each other,

the spiral ri-b 31 operates as a cam to effect radial movement of the jaws 39. Thus, the inner ends of the jaws may be moved inward concurrently to grip a work-piece, such as that shown in broken lines at 46, Figs. l and 2, or moved outwardly to release the same, said workpiece extending axially through the head 26 and annular elements mounted therein. Since the chuck 34 is xedly mounted in the chuckhousing 23, it will be. driven in either direction by the electric motor 36 hereinbefore described.

The scroll-plate 36 also is arranged to be power-driven independently of the chuck 34 and to this end'a grooved pulley 42, of substantially larger diameter than the pulley-grooves 21, is mounted in driving relation to said scroll-plate on the end face thereof remote from the spiral rib 31. The pulley 42 has an axially apertured hub portion, and said hub is secured to the scroll-plate, coaxially thereof, by any suitable means such as screws 43. A side-driving transmission belt 44 is trained about the pulley 42, and extends downwardly therefrom through recess 24 in the head 20, to the lower part of the machine where it is trained about a grooved pulley 45. The latter is journaled upon the end portion'of a countershaft 46 journaled in a pair of spaced-apart bearing brackets 41, 41, that rise from the shelf 3|, there being a relatively large gear 43 mounted upon said countershaft between saidbearing brackets 41. Meshed with gear 48 is a relatively small pinion 49 mounted upon the driving shaft 56 of a reversible electric motor 5|, the latter being mounted upon shelf 3|. with radial serrations that constitute one ele- One end face of the pulley 45 is formed ment of a driving clutch, the mating element of which is a complementally serrated member 52 that is slidably mounted upon a countershaft 46 in confronting relation to pulley 45, and has driving connection with said countershaft through the agency of a feather key 53. The clutch member 52 is yieldingly urged axially toward the pulley 45 by a compression spring 54 that is mounted upon the countershaft between a. lateral face of member 52 and a, collar 55 secured upon said countershaft. The teeth of the serrated clutch elements are so arranged that the scroll-plate 36 is positively driven by motor 5| in counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figs. 4 and 6, and frictionally driven in clockwise direction.

In the operation of the chuck structure A, the brake 33 initially is dee-energized and applies braking pressure to brake drum 32 whereby chuck 34 is rmly held stationary. After a workpiece 40 is placed in the chuck, .the reversible motor 5| is energized so as to drive the scrollplate 36 in clockwise direction as viewed in Figs. 4 and 6, with the result that the chuck jaws 39 are moved radially inwardly and grip the workpiece 46. During said movement of the scrollplate there is suffi-cient friction between clutch members 45, 52, induced by the spring 54, to hold said clutch members in mesh. As soon as the jaws 33 engage the Work-piece, rotary'movement of the scroll-plate 36 relatively of chuck 34 is arrested, and lclutch member 52 ratchets over clutch mem-ber 45 against the pressure of spring 54, and produces an audible sound that apprises the operator that the workpiece is engaged by the chuck. The operator then arrests the operation of motor 5|. Subsequently, vthe motor 36 drives the chuck 34 in counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figs. 4 and 6, with the result that the chuck-jaws 39 continue to be urged inwardly against the work-piece 40, and the latter is ro- -tated so that work may be performed thereon. The counterclockwise movement of the chuck 34 is translated to the scroll-plate 36 through the agency of the chuck-jaws 36, thus reversing the movement of the latter, the belt 44 and the clutch member 45, with the Vresult that the latter ratchets past the teeth of clutch member 52 as the latter moves axially rearwardly against spring 54. The condition described obtains as long as operations are being performed upon the workpiece. Thereafter the operation of motor 36 automatically is arrested and brake 33 is de-energized so that it applies braking pressure to brake drum 32. The operator Ithen reverses motor 5| with the result that there is positive drive through the clutch members 52, 45, to the belt 44, the latter driving the scroll-plate 36 in counterclockwise direction. Since the chuck 34 is held stationary by reason of the brake 33, such relative movement of the scroll-plate moves the vchuck- J'aws 39 radi-ally outwardly and releases the workpiece 40, which then may be removed from the chuck. The 'operator stops the'drive of motor 5| as soon as the jaws 39 release the work-piece.

The tool-holding structure C at the right-hand end of the machine is shown in detail in Figs. 10 to 13, inclusive, of the drawings, to which attention now is directed. Said tool-holding structure comprises a slide 60 that is mountedY upon the Ways |1'and is adjustably secured at selective positions longitudinally of the bed |5 by set screws 6|, 6|, that extend through the slide at Vopposite sides thereof and are threaded into a metal strip 62, Fig. 3, that engages the bed |5 begeraet@ neat-h overhanging portions of therespective ways lI. Fixedly mounted atopV the slide `60 on a base plat'e'59, 'at the end thereof nearest the Ychuck A, and on the longitudinal centerline of 'the 'machine, is an elongate block 63 in which'a bushing 8&4, Fig. '12, lis fixedly mounted. A metalsleeve 65 is mounted fol` axial movement'in the bushing 64, said sleeve being formed exteriorly with a longitudinally extending slot 66 in which a pin or 4stud Bl is received, lthe latter extending through the wall of the block 83 and bushing 64 and serving to prevent rotary movement of the sleeve 65 relatively of said bushing. The end of the sleeve 65 that confronts the chuck A has a tool holder 68 mounted therein, which tjool holder is secured against movement relatively Vof the sleeve by having a force fit therein, or by any other suitable means. The tool holder is formed with an axial bore 69 in which a tool 'I0 is receivable, said tool being secured against `movement relatively of its holder in any suitable manner. The front face of the tool holder is provided with conventional work-centering arms 1l.

The sleeve 65 is movable axially to present the tool 10 to the work-piece 40 and to retract it therefrom, and to this end said sleeve has a plug or fixture 1d force fitted or otherwise securely mounted in the end porti-on thereof remot-e from the tool holder 68. The xture 'M has a threaded axial recess by which it -has threaded connection with outer end of the piston rod 'I5 of a double-acting fluid pressure operated reciprocating motor including the cylinder 16. The latter is positioned on the longitudinal centerline of the machine and is mounted upon the base plate 59. Operation of the reciprocating motor including the cylinder 16 is controlled by a suitable valve 'i1 that admits pressure iiuid alternately to opposite ends of the lcylinder and vents it therefrom. -In Fig. 1-1 is shown a pip-e o-r con-, duit 18 that conducts pressure fluid, such as air under pressure, tof' the valve 'l1 from a suitable source of pressure iiuid (not shown). The valve 11 comprises a spring-backed operating'plunger or pin 19 adapted to be depressed to admit air to the rear end of cylinder 1-6. For depressing said pin, an upstanding lever 89 is provided, which lever is pivotally mounted at 8l at its lower end upon a bracket 82 supported yby the casing of valve 11, and formed with a laterally projecting toe 83 that engages valve-pin 19. The free, upper end of lever 80 is connected by an adjustable link 84 to a upwardly extending formation on the movable core 85 of an electrical solenoid 86 that is mounted above the cylinder 16. The arrangement is such that when the solenoid is energized, the core 85 thereof is moved toward the left as viewed in Figs. l and l1, whereby the lever 80 is swung on its pivot78l so that its toe 83 depresses valve-pin 19 and thus operates valve 11 to charge the rear end of cylinder 16 while discharging the front end thereof. The operationsvmentioned are reversed when the solenoid is de-energized.

A cycle of operation of the reciprocating motor including the cylinder 19 as described moves the tool holder 68- a determinate distance outwardly, as. indicated by the broken lines in Fig. 12, and then retracts it to point of starting. When in projected position the tool 19 in holder 68` performs its intended operation upon ythe work 40. rIhe extent of outward movement of the tool holder 69 is controlled lby the reversing of the reciprocating motor including vthe cylinder 'i9 which in turn is. controlled by the solenoid 86, vand means is provided for automatically deener- 'gizing said solenoid when the tool holder 68 reachesga determinate outer or projected position. To this `end a 'rod 88 is xedly secured at one end tov the rear face ofthe tool holder 68, said rod extending rearwardly beside the block and through -a guide member 89,'said'rod having an upwardly extending rear end portion, the extremity of which has an operating stud 'adjustably mounted therein. The stud 99 is arranged parallel to the axis of the machine lso as to move longitudinally with the holder r63, and is in alignment with the operating button of an electrical switch '9| that is mounted on the side of lock 63. The'switch 9-l, which is normally open, isclosed by action ofthe stud 98 when the holder Sil. is projected outwardly to the extent desired. Closing of saridswitch 9i is arranged to effect, among other things, `dee`nergization of the solenoid B' asl will be manifest from the wiring diagram shown in Fig. 14, subsequently to be described.

The work-piece i9 is mounted in the chuck structure A by being moved longitudinally through the axial opening in the latter, and means operatively associated with the tool-holding structure C is provided for obstructing further longitudinal movement of the work-piece after it has reached a determinate operative position. To this end a bracket S4 is mounted upon the end face of slide 68 that is directly below tool holder B8. Slidably mounted in said bracket is a vertically positioned plate that is movable in its own plane, said plate having one oblique margin that engages the front peripheral corner of the tool-holder 68. The arrangement is such that when the tool-holder is projected tol its outer position shown in broken lines in Fig.v l2, it forces the plate 95 downwardly in its own plane. The front margin of the plate 95 has a stud S6 projecting horizontally therefrom, which stud is slidably received within an elongated recess or slot 91 deiined by a pair of parallel ears 98, 98, formed integral with and projecting laterally from one edge of a stop-iinger 99, in the plane of said finger. The stop-finger is pivotally mounted at its lower end on the bracket 94. When the tool-holder 98 is in the retracted position shown in Figs. 10 and 11, the stop finger 99 is in vertical position, its upper end portion being disposed in front of the tool-holder 68 in position to obstruct the movement of a work-piece 49 that is being moved longitudinally toward said tool-holder, and thereby accurately to position said work-piece. Thereafter when the tool holder is projected toward 'the work-piece to 'operate thereupon, axial movement of the tool holder forces the plate 95 downwardly and vthe stud 99 thereof swings the stop-linger 99 angularly about its pivot, from the position shown in full lines in Fig. 13 to `the position shown in broken lines therein, thus enabling the tool 79 to engage the end of the work-piece. Such swinging movement of the stop-finger 99 is against the tension of a coiled spring |99 that is connected at one of its ends to the stop-ringer and connected at its other end to the bracket 94, said spring serving to restore the stop-nger to its full line, work-obstructing position upon subsequent retraction of `the tool-holder.

Another advantageous feature of the machine is the provision of means that automatically lubricates the operative end of tool 'lli and blows the chips therefrom. To this end a small pipe or conduit |82 is connected at one of its ends to the exhaust port of the valve 11, said pipe extending forwardly therefrom and having its front end disposed slightly forwardly of the position of the tool holder 08 when the latter is projected. The front end portion of the pipe is angularly bent, as best shown at |03, Figs. 10 and 11, so as to be directed toward the operative end of the tool in the projected tool-holder. Intermediate its ends the pipe |02 is in communication with a lubricant cup |04 that is mounted upon the side of block 03 and adapted to feed lubricant, a drop at a time, into the pipe. The arrangement is such that when the valve 11 operates to exhaust air from the rear end of cylinder 1B, to effect retraction of work-holder 18, some of the exhausting air passes through pipe |02 and blows a spray of lubricant from its front end, which spray lubricates the tool 10 as it is withdrawn from the work, and also dislodges any metal chips that may be clinging thereto.

The tool-holding structure B at the left-hand end of the machine is shown in detail in Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, of the drawings. The tool-holding structure B has many features and elements that are identical with features and elements present in structure C and for that reason need not be described in as much detail. As shown, the tool-holdingr structure B comprises a slide that rests upon the ways il of the bed |5 of the machine, being secured in selected position by the set-screws |91. Mounted upon the top of said slide is a pair of slideways consisting of a pair of parallel cylindrical rods |08, |00, said slideways being disposed transversely with relation to the ways As shown in Fig. 9, the medial region of the top of slide |00 is horizontal, with downwardly sloping regions at front and rear thereof, the slideways |08 being received in respective shallow grooves in the medial regicn of the slide-top and extending rearwardly therefrom so as to overhang a portion of the sloping surface at the rear thereof. Mounted upon the slideways |08 for movement longitudinally thereof is a carriage |09. Mounted upon the top of the latter is a tool-holding structure, the essential elements of which, namely, the tool-holder |0, the block and elements within the same, the fluid pressure operated reciprocating motor including the cylinder |2, the valve H3, and the solenoid Hd, are identical with the similar elements of the tool-holding structure C at the opposite end of the machine, as is the pipe ||5 for lubricating the tool (not shown) in the tool-holder H0.

Energizing of the solenoid il# operates valve H3 to charge the rear end of cylinder ||2 while discharging the front end thereof, thus projecting the tool-holder l0 to the right as viewed in Figs. l, 2, 7 and 8, so that the tool therein operatively engages the adjacent end of work-piece 40. Said tool (not shown) is opposite hand from the tool 70 that engages the opposite end of the workpiece. The solenoids 86, H4, are electrically connected so as to operate concurrently, as, subsequently will be explained with relation to the wiring diagram of the machine.

Supported upon the rear end portions of the slideways |08 and brackets 8 rising from the sloping rear top-surface of the slide |00 is a plate H9, and mounted upon the latter is the mechanism for effecting movement of carriage |09 longitudinally of said slideways. Said mechanism comprises a double-acting fluid pressure operated reciprocating motor including the cylinder |20, the piston rod |2| of which is connected at its outer end to the block mounted upon the carriage |09. Like `the other fluid pressure cylinders of the machine, the Aadmissionof fluid to and from the cylinder |20 is controlled by a valve |2|, the vlatter being, operated by an electrical solenoid r| 22.v `The arrangement is such that when the rear end of cylinder |20 is charged, thecarriage |09 is in the position shown in full lines in Figs. 2, 7 and 9, with the result that the toolholder` ||0 is-positioned upon the longitudinal center line of the machine, in axial alignment with the work-piece 40 and tool-holder 68, so that work is performed upon the work-piece when said tool-holders are projected toward each other. When the front end of cylinder |20 is charged and the rear end exhausted, the carriage |09 is moved rearwardly to its position shown in brokenlines in Figs. 7 and 9, with the result that the tool-holder H0 and block are moved entirely to one side of the longitudinal center line of the machine. The arrangement makes it possible easily and quickly to remove a finished workpiece from the chuck structure A and replace it with unfinished work.

Mounted upon the side of slide |06 is a normally open electrical switch |25, which switch is so `positioned that it is engaged by the carriage and closed when said carriage is in the full line position shown in Figs. '7 and 9, which is the operative position of the carriage. The switch |25 controls the operation of solenoids 88, IM, serving to effect energization thereof, as presently will be manifest, and thus to cause cylinders 18, i2, to project the respective tool-holders 08, I9. Mounted upon the side of block is a normally closed electrical switch |28, the operating lever of Which is disposed in the path of an operating nger |29 that is carried by an arm |30, the latter being attached to the tool-holder H9 and projecting rearwardly therefrom. The arm |30 moves longitudinally with the tool-holder ||9 as the latter is projected and retracted, and thus nieves the nger |29 back and forth over the operating lever of switch |28. Said finger |29 isV so pivotally mounted on arm |30 that it pivots freely when moved over the switch |28 as the holder l0 is projected, and the normal condition of the switch is not affected. However, when the tool-holder l0 is retracted from its projected position, the finger |29 does not turn on its pivot when it encounters the operating lever of switch |28, with the result that it depresses said operating lever and momentarily opens said-switch. The switch |28 is so electrically connected as to effect de-energization of solenoid |22, and to arrest the drive of motor 30, as presently will be explained.

Other electrical switches in the electrical circuit of the machine are mounted Vupon a shelf |35 at the front of the machine, as shown in Flgs. l and 2, and are manually operable. One of said switches, designated |36, is a single-pole double-throw switch by which the machine is adapted alternatively for automatic or for manual operation. In Fig. 14 this switch is shown as set for automatic operation; it is set for manual operation, as shown in broken lines, only while the machine is being set up for operation. Also mounted upon shelf |35 is a reversing switch |31 that controls the operation of the reversible motor 5|, said switch being manually operable, and returning to the neutral or open position when the Yoperator releases the same. A third switch mounted upon the shelf |35 is a startstop switch of lwhich |38 is the normally open startingbutton and |39 is the normally closed 9,y stop button. Mounted upony the apron |8 of the machine is, 'a control boX |48. within which4 are mounted` three relaysnam,ely, |4|, |42, and', |43, which relays are shownin Fig. 1.4. Said relays control the operation of switches presently to be described, and may be. ofv the solenoid type.

For an understanding of the` wiring diagram of the machine, attention is directed tolig. 1.4. As shown therein, the motor 38 is in. amainZZO volt3 phase circuit |45, reversible motor 5| being connected in` parallel in the same main circuit by conductors |48, the switch |31 being interposed across the latter for controlling motor Control of the motor 33 is effected by a normally o pen Li-pole switch that is operated by the solenoidrelay |4I, three poles of said switch being designated |41 and being operatively connected to the respective conductors of the circuit |45. The other pole |48 of said switch is in the holding circuit of relay I4! asV presently will be explained.

The control means for the electrical mechanisms comprises a terminal strip |58 that carries 19y terminals designated H to Z, both inclusive. The control circuit operates on 110 volts, the leads thereof being designated |5| and-connected to terminals I-I and I respectively. Terminals and L are connected or jumpered by conductor |52. Terminals K and M are jumpered by conductor |53. Terminals S and Y are jumpered by conductor |54. Terminals O and Pare jumpered by conductor |55. Terminals N, Q, and R arejumpered by conductor |56. Terminals I-I and J are jumpered by conductor |51, and terminals H and U are connected by jumper |58. Solenoid |2-2 is connected across terminals J and K, and solenoids 85, ||4, are connected across terminals Y and Z. Switch |38 isiinterposed in a conductor |88 connecting terminals M andN, andrswitch |39 is interposed in conductor |51 connecting terminals L and O. Switch |28 is in cond-uctorvr 62`connecting terminals Pl and Q, and switch |25 is in conductor. |53 connecting terminals R and S. Switch |35 is arranged alternatively to connect terminal U with terminal T`for automatic operation, or with terminal V for manual-operation. Switch 9| is interposed in conductor |54 lthat connects terminals W and Solenoid coil |4| isconnected to terminali-I (or to jumpers |5"|.ork |53.) by conductor |61, and to terminal YM (or jumper |53.) by conductor |83. A holding circuit for solenoid |4| is provided by conductor |33 connected to conductor |618; and to one side of switch |48, and by conductor |1d connected to the other side of switch |43 andto terminal Q (or jumper |58). The solenoidoperated lbrake 33 of motor 33 is connected to the controlcircuit by a conductor |1| extending to conductor |51, and a conductor |12 extending to conductor |63. The arrangement is such that brake 33 is energized to. release braking of motor 33v whenever solenoid |4| is energized tov ciose switch y |41'` and thereby to effect driving of motor v311.

The. relay |42 aforementioned controls. the operation of a normally closed switch |15 and a normally open switch |16; the relay |43 controls the operation of a normally closed switch |11 and a normally open switch |18. One pole of switch |11 is connected to terminal Z by conductor |19, the other pole of said switch being connected to terminal T` by conductor |88. One pole of switch |18 is connected to terminal X by conductor |32, the other pole thereof being connected te one pole of switch |15'by conductor |83.- The other pole of switch |16 is connected to conductor |88 by conductor` |84. One poleof switch |15 is connected to terminal U (through jumper |58) by conductor |85, the latter also connecting with conductor |83. The other pole of switch |15 is connected to terminal W by conductor |83. The relay |42 is connected to jumper |541 b-y conductor |81, and is connected to termina-lv by conductor |88; Relay |43 is connected to conductor |10 by conductor |89 and to conductor |32 by conductor |38;

Operation.

When in inoperative position, the tool holders 5d, H8, are in retracted position, the latter being positioned laterally of the center line of the machine as shown in brokenl lines in Figs. 7V and 9. The electric brake 33, is de-energized and is exerting braking pressure upon brake drum 32 of motor 38. The operator may then readily mount the work-piece 43 inthe'chucl; structure A, moving it longitudinally therethrough until its leading end abuts the stop finger 39. Assuming that switch |33 is set for automatic operation, as shown in fulllines in Fig. 14, the operator closes switch |31 to start the drive of reversible motor 5| which effects the closing of chuck 3d upon the work-piece 43- as previously explained. As soon as the work-piece is firmly gripped by the chuck, the operator releases switch |31 and momentarily depresses (closes) starting switch |38 with the result that relay |4| is energized and closes switches |41, |43, and' brake is energizedv to release the braking of motor Sii. Closing of switch |41 closes circuit |45v to motor 38, and the latter begins rotating to drive the work-piece 43. Closing of'switch |48 completes the holding circuit for relay |41 so that when the operator releases and opens switch |38 said relay will continue to be energized through conductor |51, conductor |59, switch |48, conductor |13, jumper |62 and closed switch |23, therein, jumper |55, jumper |8| and closed' switch |33 therein, and jumper |52, The holdingv circuit for relay |4| also constitutes a holding circuit for solenoid |22, as will be apparent from Fig. 14. Closing of start-ing switch |33 as described also energizes solenoid |22, and this solenoid remains energized, after switch |138 subsequently is opened, by virture of' the holding circuit for relay |4l, as will be readily understoodY by those skilled in theart. When solenoid |22 is energized, it operates air cylinder |28 to cause the latter to project its piston rod and move carriage |39 to the full line position shown in Figs. 1 and 9, thereby positioning toolholder |11-in axial alignment with work-piece 40 and tool holder e8. When carriage |39 reaches its ultimate projected position, it engages and closes normally open switch |25, with the result that solenoids 85, l i4, concurrently are energized to eiect charging of the rear ends of cylinders 1,8, lli?,l and thus to move the tool holders 63, H8., axially; towardY the opposite ends of work-piecevli; Axialmovement of tool holder 38V moves the stop-fingered away from in front of the work-pieceand therebyy enables the tool 18 to operate thereon, as previously described. The tools in the respeetivetool holders operate concurrently` upon theworkpiece.

As thetool holders reach the-desiredprojected 11 f |18 and the concurrent opening of relay switch |11. Opening of switch |11 breaks the circuit of the solenoids 86 and ||4, thereby effecting the exhausting of the rear ends of cylinders T6 and ||2 and initiating the retraction of tool holders 68 and ||0 to withdraw the tools from the work.

As the tools move away from the work, they are subjected to a spray of lubricant, as previously described. As the tool holders move to their retracted positions, pivoted finger |29 engages the operating lever of normally closed switch |28 and momentarily opens the switch. This opens the holding circuit of solenoid |22 and relay |4|. As solenoid |22 is de-energized, it evacuates the rear end of cylinder |20 with the result that carriage |09 is moved laterally to its inoperative position and tool holder H moved out of axial alignment with work-piece 40. De-energization of relay |4| results in the opening of switches |48, |41, thus opening circuit |45 to the motor 30. Opening of said holding circuit also de-energizes the solenoid brake 33 of said motor, whereupon said brake again applies braking action and rotation of the motor is arrested. The operator then operates switch |37 to drive the motor 5| in the direction which opens the chuck 34 and releases the work. The finished work-piece then is easily removed since the tool holder ||0 is not in an obstructing position. This completes a cycle of operation, which may be repeated as desired.

When setting up the machinery preparatory to operation, the switch |36 is left in open or neutral position. Closing of switch |38 will energize relay |4| and solenoid |22 in the manner previously described; if it is not desired to operate motor 30, the circuit |45 thereof may be opened by means of a master switch (not shown) Energized solenoid |22 functions to move carriage |09 laterally so that holder I0 is in axial alignment with the tool holder B8. If a work-piece 40 is mounted in the chuck, the latter may be operated by motor 3| in the manner previously described. Then by turning the switch |36 to the alternative position shown in broken lines in Fig. 14, the relay |42 will be energized to open switch |15 and close switch with the result that solenoids 86 and I4 are energized and effect the projecting of tool holders 68, H0, toward each other. Switch 9| is not in the manually operated circuit and the closing thereof by stud 90 is without effect. The relay |42 may be deenergized to de-energize solenoids 86 and H4 simply by turning switch |36 to neutral position. As the tool holder ||0 retracts, it opens switch |28, thereby automatically opening the holdingV circuit of relay |4| and solenoid I2, thereby causing carriage |09 to be retracted to inoperative position.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that the invention provides a machine tool that is largely automatic in operation. The work-piece is machined with absolute accuracy, its outside diameter being concentric with its axis due to the fact that the work rotates while the tools are stationary. The open end construction facilitates the mounting of the work-piece in the chuck, and its removal therefrom. Furthermore, the arrangement is such that the driving of the work-piece and the reactive thrust of the tools upon the work only serve to urge the chuckjaws more tightly into engagement with the work. The machine is adapted to perform the several operations of facing, centering, turning, drilling, boring, or spinning upon the WQI'k, and the same operation may be performed concurrently upon both ends of the work, or different operations may be performed upon opposite ends. The machine is of rugged, simple construction, thus saving maintenance and repair costs. The machine also saves time and labor and achieves the other objects set out in the foregoing statement of objects.

Modification may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. In a machine tool, the combination of a centrally positioned chuck for the work, means for driving the chuck to rotate the work therein, a first tool holder at one side of the chuck positionable alternatively laterally stationary in axial alignment with said chuck and at a stationary position laterally spaced therefrom, a second tool holder at the other side of the chuck, an abutment in front of the second tool holder when the first tool holder is laterally spaced from alignment with the chuck, means for withdrawing the abutment from in front of the second tool holder when the first tool holder is in axial alignment with the chuck, and means for simultaneously moving the tool holders towards the Work when the tool holders are aligned with the chuck and the Work.

2. In a machine tool asset forth in claim 1, and in which the abutment withdrawing means is interposed between the second tool holder and the abutment for moving the abutment from in front of the second tool holder as the second tool holder moves toward the chuck.

3. In a machine tool, a bed, a rotary workholding chuck mounted on the bed intermediate the ends thereof, the chuck having an opening therethrough concentric with its axis of rotation and the chuck opening having opposite ends and the chuck including jaws radially movable towards and away from the axis of rotation, motor driven power means for moving the chuck jaws, a separate motor for rotating the chuck, a first block on the bed at one side of the chuck and opposite one end opening of the chuck, a first tool holder reciprocably mounted in the first block and having a longitudinal axis aligned with the chuck axis of rotation, a first tool holder reciprocating motor mounted on the rst block and connected with the rst tool holder for reciprocating the first tool holder, a carriage at the other side of the chuck, means mounting the carriage for reciprocation on the bed laterally with respect to the chuck axis of rotation between two stationary positions, a carriage reciprocating motor operatively interposed between the bed and the carriage for reciprocating the carriage, a second block on the carriage, a second tool holder mounted for reciprocation in the second block in the direction of the chuck axis of rotation, a second tool holder reciprocating motor on the carriage and connected with the second tool holder for reciprocating the second tool holder, and means operative when the carriage is in one stationary position with the second tool holder aligned with the chuck axis of rotation to rotate the chuck and simultaneously move the first and second tool holders towards the chuck by simultaneous operation of the chuck drive motor and thefirst and second tool holder reciprocating motors, and means maintaining the chuck jaw moving means inoperative during movement of the tool holders towards the chuck.

4. -I [n a machine tool, a bed, a rotary workholding chuck mounted on the bed intermediate the ends thereof, the chuck having an opening therethrough concentric with its axis of rotation *i and the chuck opening having opposite ends and the chuck including jaws radially movable to-- wards and away from the axis of rotation, motor i driven power means for moving the chuck jaws, -j separate motor means for rotating the chuckgaj carriage at one side of the chuck, means mount-"1 ing the carriage for reciprocation on the Aleed laterally with respect to the chuck axis of rotation between two stationary positions, first reciprocating motor means operatively interposed between the bed and the carriage for reciprocating .the carriage, a block on the carriage, a tool holder mounted for reciprocation in the carriage block in the direction ofthe chuck axis of rotation, and

second reciprocating motor means on the block and connected with the tool holder for reciprocating the tool holder, and means operative when the carriage is in, one stationary position with; the tool holder'valigned with the chuck axisfgof, rotation to rotate the chuck and simultaneously.

14 move the tool holder towards the chuck by simultaneous operation of the chuck drive motor and the second reciprocating motor, and means maintainingI the chuck jaw moving means inoperative during movement of the tool holder towards the chuck.

STANFORD OVSHINSKY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

